Formula Twelve (more commonly known as Formula 12 or F12) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Torland Auto Racing Association (TARA). The TARA Formula Twelve World Championship has been one of the premier forms of racing in Torland since its inaugural season in 1972. A Formula Twelve season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix. Grands Prix take place in multiple states and areas around Torland on either purpose-built circuits or closed public roads.

A points system is used at Grands Prix to determine two annual Championships: one for the drivers called the Worthy Cup, and one for the constructors (the teams) called the Calhoun Cup. Each driver must hold a valid Super Licence, the highest class of racing licence issued by TARA, and the races must be held on tracks graded “1”, the highest grade-rating issued by TARA for tracks.

Formula Twelve cars are some of the fastest regulated road-course racing cars in the world, owing to very high cornering speeds achieved through generating large amounts of aerodynamic downforce. Much of this downforce is generated by front and rear wings, which have the side effect of causing severe turbulence behind each car.

The turbulence reduces the downforce generated by the cars following directly behind, making it hard to overtake. Major changes made to the cars for the 2022 season have resulted in greater use of ground effect aerodynamics and modified wings to reduce the turbulence behind the cars, with the goal of making overtaking easier.[3] The cars are dependent on electronics, aerodynamics, suspension and tyres. Traction control, launch control, and automatic shifting, plus other electronic driving aids, were first banned in 1994. They were briefly reintroduced in 2001, and have more recently been banned since 2004 and 2008, respectively.[4]

The average annual cost of running a team, including designing, building and maintaining cars, salaries, and transport make the sport very difficult to participate and sustain.